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2.6 Policy context
There are a number of targets in current policy frameworks that are relevant to Natural Burial
Grounds.
The State Strategic Plan
The South Australian State Strategic Plan includes a target of increasing the population to 2
million by 2050 (Government of South Australia, 2007). A population increase such as this
has implications for a range of services and infrastructure planning, including planning for
future cemetery needs.
The Greenhouse Strategy
In 2007 the South Australia released Tackling Climate Change South Australias
Greenhouse Strategy 2007-2020. This plan sets the framework for the changes needed to
avoid harmful, humaninduced climate change.
Cremation has been criticised by some natural burial advocates for its high energy use,
production of greenhouse gas emissions and generation of airborne pollutants. This is
frequently cited as one of the main arguments for developing the alternative of Natural Burial
Grounds. The issue of environmental impacts from funeral practices is a sensitive one and
needs careful consideration.
A recent report for Centennial Park by GHD compared the greenhouse gas emissions from
cremation and burial (GHD, 2007). This ground breaking study was commissioned by
Centennial Park because they were unable to source relevant data on environmental impacts
for the preparation of a submission to this Inquiry.
The GHD study estimated that greenhouse gas emissions from cremation were 0.16 tonnes
(160 kg) of CO2 equivalent per person. In 2006/07 the total number of cremations in SA was
7511. Based on GHDs figures, the total CO2 equivalent emissions from cremation in SA was
approximately 120 tonnes in 2006/07.
GHD estimated that burial produces fewer emissions, at 0.039 tonnes (39 kg) of CO2
equivalent per burial, at the time of interment. In 2006/07, 4424 people were buried in South
Australia and this would have produced approximately 17 tonnes CO2 equivalent emissions
that year.
This report also concluded, however, that the maintenance of burial sites in conventional
cemeteries resulted in a 10% greater environmental footprint for burial than for cremation
(News Limited, 2008). This is due to the use of fossil fuels in mowing lawns and maintaining
gardens over long periods.
To put these figures in perspective, the average car produces about 4.5 tonnes (4500 kg) of
greenhouse gas emissions per annum (Commonwealth of Australia). Therefore in SA for
2006/07, the burial of people produced about the same greenhouse gas emissions as
running 38 cars for a year, and cremation produced the equivalent emissions of running
about 267 vehicles for a year.
Parliament of South Australia. The Environment, Resources and Development Committee